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Adoption patterns
'Old fashioned' image
Transport devices costly
Women and children have poor access
Multiple uses
Complementarity
Critical mass
Markets stimulate transport
Inadequate investment
Non-transport solutions
 
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The need for a ‘critical mass’ of users
There is need to develop a 'critical mass' of users to make ownership socially acceptable and to justify the establishment of service providers.

Before a particular transport technology is common, it can be difficult for someone to buy, use and maintain one. People may be shy and there may be insufficient sales outlets and repair services for easy adoption. It can be a vicious circle, as there will be insufficient users to sustain sales and support services.

One cart — one puncture
Ten carts — one puncture repair service!
To introduce a new transport technology, projects in Sierra Leone and Guinea placed one new ox cart in each of several villages. Many carts stopped being used after their first puncture. The projects should have concentrated the carts in a few villages and encouraged the establishment of puncture repair services.

 
Photograph by Paul Starkey ©
Photograph by Paul Starkey ©
  Transport repairs in Madagascar: importance of a critical mass
In the village of Anjanadoria, Madagascar, most of the 850 families own an ox cart but few use bicycles. Two carpenters make and repair ox carts in the village, but no one repairs bicycles as there are few and little demand. One reason why few people own bicycles is the problem of repairs. Bicycles are taken by cart 15 km to the local market town, where artisans have established small bicycle repair workshops. Ox carts already have a 'critical mass' in that village, but bicycles have yet to achieve this. People anticipate that in a few years there will be more bicycles and a bicycle repairer in the village.

Cycles and mobylettes in Burkina Faso
In Burkina Faso, there is now a ‘critical mass’ of users of cycles and mobylettes in Ouagadougou and the surrounding rural areas. There are numerous users (men and women) resulting in few social inhibitions and plenty of support services for easy repairs.

Photograph by Paul Starkey ©
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