Upon the request of the World Bank, Norway's Institute of Transport Economics appraised the road safety situation and road safety work in five African countries: Benin, Côte d’Ivoire, Kenya, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. The overall objective of the evaluation was to identify key measures that would reduce fatalities, personal injuries, and material damage from road accidents in Africa. The study assesses: a) the causes of the high accident rates in African countries and the resulting high loss of lives and property, b) the requirements for a gradual and sustainable reduction of the high rate of accidents, loss of life and property to levels comparable to those in developed countries, c) how management capabilities of relevant public and private sector agencies may be strengthened to facilitate appropriate planning, programming, and implementation of the necessary road safety programs, d) how adequate, secure and sustainable financial resources for road safety programs may best be mobilized and managed, e) how to raise awareness about road safety among policy-makers, road users, and the general public to facilitate the formulation and implementation of appropriate strategies aimed at promoting traffic safety