Fare integration modalities

Not all urban passenger transport systems provide continuing authority to travel after making an interchange under the original fare validation, even when the second vehicle belongs to the same operator as the first. However such an authority is typically of high value to passengers, especially in a large or complex network and even more so in one based on a flat fare structure.

Where fare integration is a policy objective, the implications of making provision for this include the following:

• Interchange routing validities
• Interchange with same operator
• Interchange between operators
• Discounts from standard fares